The strategies to maintain the competitive position in the market Term Paper

The strategies to maintain the competitive position in the market place for Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company - Term Paper Example Strengths And Weaknesses Of Organization 10 C.Human Resource 10 1.Personel Policies 10 2.Skills Required To Accomplish The Mission 11 3.Attitude Towards Employees 11 4. Training Programs 12 5. Incentives And Job Enrichment 12 D. Financing 13 1. Types Of Securities Sold To Public And Its Listing 13 2. Current Performance 13 3. Profit And Loss Of The Company 14 4. Rating by Moody’s and Standard and Poor 14 5. Financial New Generated In Past Years 14 E.Corporate Social Responsibility 15 F. Management 15 1. Strength And Weaknesses Of Management 15 2. Business Policies 16 3. Strategies Used 17 4. Statement About Social Responsibility 17 5. Plans For The Future 17 IV.Conclusion 18 A.Evaluation Of The Firm 18 B. Personal Attainment 19 Work Cited 20 I. Introduction A.Name and Location of the Corporation The name of the company in consideration is Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (MassMutual) which is situated in Springfield. The marketing name that has been offered for Mass achusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (MassMutual) is MassMutual Financial Group (MassMutual Financial Group, â€Å"2010 Annual Report†). B.Reason for Choosing the Firm The main reason behind the choice of MassMutual is that it is one of the biggest life insurance companies in the world and has been successful at attaining 93rd rank in the Fortune 500 list. It has been noted that the company operates for the benefits and the advantages of the members along with its participating policyholders (MassMutual Financial Group, â€Å"2010 Annual Report†). II.Framework of the Business A.A Condensed History of the Firm It was in the year 1851 when the company commenced its operation in a single room and had a single objective of assisting the people to protect their families as well as their future. After 160 years of operation, the company is still focusing upon its core objective of assisting the people to safeguard their families. The company operates for the advantage of its beneficiaries and is therefore proud of its long history. In the course of time, the company has offered its millions of customers with financial as well as retirement related securities. The company has also been successful at paying its policy holders with dividends since the year of 1860s. By earning financial strength ratings, the company has achieved remarkable position in the particular sector. The company’s trained professionals comprise of thousands of agents situated all over the United States. The main task of the agents is to understand the customers’ financial goals and therefore serve them to formulate their financial strategies accordingly. Although since inception the company’s core product has been life insurance, it has also been offering its customers with numerous other insurance schemes as well as investment products designed for the individuals, businesses and the families. The institutional investors as well as the nonprofit, corporate, governmental and union employees can as well avail the company’s retirement services (Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, â€Å"Our Company†). B.Incorporation of the firm The company was incorporated in Springfield at Massachusetts in the United States. C. Creators and organizers of the firm The company was incorporated by George W. Rice who had been young insurance representative, selling policies for the company named as Connecticut Mutual Life in Connecticut. His objective was to

Enhancing Transit Passengers Experience at Hamad International Airport Research Paper

Enhancing Transit Passengers Experience at Hamad International Airport - Research Paper Example Rowley and Slack (1999) note that air travelers in transit are more likely to experience a sense of placelessness and timelessness, particularly because they travel across different time zones and between distant locations. Investigating the departure lounge of airports from the perspective of places where placelessness and timelessness could be exhibited, the researchers find that there is some level of sameness between passengers on transit, although their experience is influenced to some extent by cultural and national dimensions. As a result, the passengers’ sense of time and place may be softened but it is still present. De Barros et al (2007) also note that transit passengers in airports have different preferences and needs to destination and origin passengers, especially because they do not make use of access roads around the airport, while they are less likely to use some facilities in the airport depending on how the airport is configured, the type of transits, and se rvice quality of airlines. Investigating the views of transit passengers on service quality at terminal buildings, the researchers find that flight information display quality and security check staff courtesy are among the most important services for airport transit passengers. Fodness and Murray (2007), on the other hand, set out to investigate the expectations of passengers in the airport service industry with regards to service quality, exploring the perspective of airport passengers in relation to airport experience. In their findings, the researchers note that that the passengers’ expectations of service quality at airports are a hierarchical and multi-dimensional construct that involves three main dimensions of diversion, interaction, and function. By going beyond traditional measures of service performance in airports and using newer aspects of airport service quality like activity, it is possible to improve passenger experience and fulfill their expectations.  

The word perfume

The word perfume Introduction: History of Perfume The word perfume itself is derived from the Latin per fume, which means â€Å"through smoke†. Due to the fact that the original use of aromatic materials was of burning incense, as an offering to the gods.1 Aromatic materials have been used for a variety of different purposes over the past thousand years. Perfumes during this era largely consisted of uncharacterized aromatic compounds.2 Ancient Egyptians used such fragrant materials in many different forms. While it wasnt until the Crusades that perfumery became more knowledgeable, due to the increase in trade of spices which was a known ingredient in perfumes.1 However it wasnt until the 19th century when alchemy became more popular that perfumes began to evolve and change into its current state. The past 100 years has seen the rise of many perfumes that extensively use synthetic chemicals. The first example of the modern perfume was in 1882, Fougere Royale created by Paul Parquet, composed of many synthetic compounds.1 Throughout the next few decades major advancements in the structural characterization of aromatic compounds (with the use of gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy2) led to the creation of synthetic materials. Perfume industries of late use large amounts of synthetic ingredients in the perfume production compared to natural sources. Statistically out of 3000 fragrance ingredients, less than 5% come from natural sources.1 Section 1: Production of Perfume The components of perfume that provide the fragrance can be produced/extracted in 2 major ways. As mentioned above until 100 years ago perfumes used natural sources for use of fragrant chemicals, since then the compounds are synthesised artificially in laboratories. Methods of both production types are mentioned below. Natural Perfume Ingredients Natural sources vary from plants (lavender, jasmine etc.), fruits (lemon, orange etc.), and animals (musk from deers, ambergris from whales). The components that contribute to the smell of the above sources are produced using methods that fall into 3 basic techniques. Expression: simplest of the 3, only used for citrus oils, involves squeezing and compression of the material to obtain oil.3 Distillation: used in manufacture and extraction of essential oils in plants, steam is utilised to help release aromatic molecules from the material. The oils co-distil with the steam, causing the water to be separated (using a Florentine flask) and discarded from the oils. However in some cases the water can be distributed as â€Å"floral waters†, as they may contain certain fragrant qualities.1 Solvent Extraction: the most important and frequently used in modern perfumery. Typical solvents consist of combinations of petroleum ether, acetone, hexane and ethyl acetate and various others. This technique produces a concrete (resinoid) which can then either be distilled into an essential oil or extracted using ethanol to produce an absolute.1 However ethanol extraction cannot be used on plant materials as they contain water, which can be absorbed by ethanol. Therefore a new technique known as the ‘Superficial Fluid extraction is used where the solvent used is Supercritical CO2(carbon dioxide in its fluid state). This process is more successful in providing fragrant compounds with odour, that more closely resembles that of its raw material.3 On the other hand its is a very expensive process, due to the pressure and temperature required to keep CO2 in its liquid state.1 Synthetic Perfume Ingredients As organic chemistry began to develop, the fragrant chemicals involved in perfume began to gradually become synthetic. The first perfume to utilise new synthetic materials is known to be the popular Chanel No5 in 1921. It used aliphatic aldehydes for the first, which helped to create a rich jasmine ‘note for the perfume. One major reason that the perfume industry use synthetic compounds over the natural is because of its expense. It is much cheaper to produce the materials synthetically than extracting it by natural means. Structurally almost all fragrant molecules have stereocenters, any point in a molecule where interchanging of any two groups leads to a stereoisomer. 7 Due to this it becomes difficult to synthesise the particular isomer required for fragrance. In 1991 however a scientist known as Paquette synthesised a steroisomer of Ambrox, which is known to be an amber odorant.2 The isomer is (-)-9-epi-Ambrox. This was made possible due to the use of a method known as oxy-Cope rearrangement2 to isolate a single isomer. Process: The active species, the bicyclic ketone is treated with dihydrofuranyl lithium, producing 2. This product is then reacted with phenylselenyl chloride, producing the compound 3. The removal of the phenyl selenium group providing the double bond required, and then followed by alkylation with methyl iodide and LDA. Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is then used to reduce the ketone molecule into an alcohol. Catalyst palladium utilised to reduce double bonds. This product is then dehydrolated to produce the desired (-)-9-epi-Ambrox.2 The above example of chemical rearrangement is one of the many process is used in the formation of synthetic fragrances. Determining the fragrant materials of perfumes requires analysis of its chemistry. This is done by the use of gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The use of analytical chemistry is also evident in the synthesis of perfume. These aromatic compounds that have either been extracted or synthesised are eventually formulated with other ingredients to produce the end product, Perfume. Formulation of Perfume Once the perfume oils are collected, they will be ready to be blended together. There may be as many as 800 different ingredients and take several years to formulate a special scent.5 Once the scent is created alcohol is mixed with it, this can dilute the scent of the perfume. Alcohols also evaporate quickly which allows the scent (top notes) to be released at a faster rate. The alcohol used in perfumery is ethanol and is odourless.5 Alcohols used in perfumes is usually denatured so that they are not marketed as alcohol rather than perfumes. This process is known as Blending. Section 2: ‘Notes on Perfume The term â€Å"notes† in perfumery means smell. The whole concept behind perfume is its fragrance. Notes are a descriptive form of the many layers of fragrances found in perfume. Perfumes usually consist of three notes: Top Notes: are responsible for the initial smell of perfumes. They normally consist of small, light molecules that evaporate quickly (with the help of alcohol), the most volatile compounds. Heart Notes: the smell that sets after the quick evaporation of the top notes. Forms the main aroma (hence known as ‘heart) of the perfume, has the ability to last several hours. Base Notes: expectantly the scent that appears after the exit of the heart notes. These are made of heavy, large compounds which evaporate the slowest. The long lasting scents of the base notes are very rich and deep, helping to sustain the effect of the perfume.6 Section 3: Physical aspects of Perfume The main physical aspect of perfume is its colour. Perfumes that have colours are found to be more attractive to the buyer. However not all perfumes are coloured, this is because manufacturers add compounds, compounds that reflect certain colours in light, into the perfume. For example: Section 4: Allergies caused by Perfumes Breathing problems, asthma and contact dermatitis (an itchy and inflamed skin rash) are typical reactions to fragrances. These irritations are known to be caused by the various mixes of chemicals in the perfume. Examples of the many allergenic fragrances include chemicals such as amylcinnamic alcohol, anisyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, benzyl salicylate, even natural products such as clove oil, nutmeg oil, odor of rose and cinnamon oil. These can result in rashes or swelling on surfaces of hands, arms and face.9 The addition of alcohol in perfumes only increases the allergies/irritation to the skin. To prevent alcohol allergies it is possible to manufacture perfumes with perfume oils4 instead. Perfume oils other than preventing alcohol allergies can be less expensive to produce and in terms of fragrances allows the scent to last longer. To make perfume oil, carrier oil is required to substitute the alcohol and the water. Jojoba is an example of carrier oil, as it has a very long shelf life, no scent of its own and it is not greasy.4 Conclusive Summary: As the above discussion suggests, the manufacturing process of perfumes uses a vast array of chemistry. Organic and analytical chemistry being the most important fields involved in the chemistry of perfumes. With more research and understanding of the mechanisms involved in the mixture of the components. It can be possible to have perfumes with ingredients that are less volatile in the future.

expatriate failures :: essays research papers fc

EXPATRIATE FAILURES â€Å"The internationalization of business has proceeded at a rapid pace as the world has become a global economy.†(Mathis, Jackson 2000) This is the very reason why companies now have the need for international executives. As all aspects of a business spread worldwide, so must the employees. An expatriate by definition is a home-county national, usually an employee of the firm, who is sent abroad to manage a foreign subsidiary. (Rodrigues, 2001) A successful expatriate generally requires an extensive amount of time and money, however, a failed expatriate can be even more costly for an organization. A study of multinational corporations showed that 69% (of the firms surveyed) had recall rates of expatriates between 10 to 20 percent. Compared to Japan and their figures, (86% of firms had less than 5% recall rate) the United States has room for improvement. (Tung, 1981) There are many reason for expatriates to fail and many differences between Japan and United States’ hum an resource management planning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the main reasons why expatriates fail is due to the social and physical environments of the foreign country. Adaptation problems can effect the on-the-job effectiveness of the expatriate. Different value systems and living habits are a main cause of adaptation problems and the inability to communicate only worsens the problem. Lack of communication verbally and nonverbally can affect every aspect of a persons career and person life. If someone can’t communicate, imagine the difficulty of going to the bank, dealing with customers, and even going grocery shopping. In addition to the new surrounding environments, if the expatiates family can not accompany them or is not happy with the new living arrangements then it could result in separation anxiety. Humans need to feel secure in their environments and with all of these downfalls it is extremely difficult to accomplish. When an expatiate is not happy with their situation, it will reflect on their job p erformance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some other reasons for expatriates to fail are differences in the managerial and organizational principles. If a foreign country has different principles than the home-country than implementation can be very difficult. This also applies to objectives and policies. With such differences the expatriate may need to conform to the local situation. â€Å"If the expatriate manager’s authority is visibly constrained, his or her opportunity to establish and maintain an effective relationship with local associates is diminished.† (Rodrigues, 2001) An expatriate’s authority can appear constrained if the home office overcentralizes the decision making.

What’s the Buzz on Smart Grids

Case Study: What’s the buzz on Smart Grids 1) How do smart grids differ from the current electricity infrastructure in the United States? The main difference where the smart grids differ from the current electricity infrastructure in the United Sates is that there is no information currently available as to how much energy/electricity is being used and where it is being used. In simple words it can be said that currently there is no exchange of information between the provider and the consumer.The smart grids will be able to provide all information regarding the usage pattern of electricity consumption by the customer which would help in the effective usage of electricity. The grids will then be able to know as to when the consumption is at peak and when it is not being used much. Also with this technology the consumer will be able to monitor their energy consumption which would encourage them to save. 2) What Management, Organization and Technology issues should be considered when developing a smart grid?There may be a lot of issues the smart grid might have to face: a) Management Issues: It is very important that proper planning must be done before the implementation of smart grids. All aspects should be planed and discussed over and over again with the managers at each level. It is a huge project which involves a lot of investment and a failure at the planning stage which is the beginning would be a disaster. It is also very important to make correct decisions at the right time. If correct decision are not made it could mess up the project. ) Organization Issues: Before the implementation of the project it must be made sure that everything is being done legally and taking into consideration all government policies. People within the organisation play an important role. The roles of each individual should be defined and proper flow of information is required in all levels. c) Technology Issues: According to me this is the most issues that the project r elies on. On the whole it is a technology project and the investment cost is immense. It is very important that all Hardware, Software, Network and communication requirements are in place. ) What challenge to development of smart grids do you think is most likely to hamper their development? According to me the challenge the smart grids will face is the acceptance by the customers. Not all customers will want to accept this change. It is usually the case that people are reluctant towards change. Also, if the customers find out that they are going to pay for this change and technology most of them would say no.It is very important to decide how the project is going to cover such a huge cost. It should be stress that the project has a long term potential and would help the customers in the long run. ) What other areas of our infrastructure could benefit from the smart technologies? Describe one example not listed in the case. The areas of infrastructure that could benefit from this sm art technology are not one. But, an example could be construction and mining industries. Efficient way of using electricity should be used in these industries which would greatly reduce their cost on a project. 5) Would you like your home and community to be part of a smart grid? Why or Why not? Explain. I would certainly want my home to be a part of the smart grid because it will help save energy and cost over the long run.If I was able to monitor the usage of electricity and know how much each electrical item at my home consumes electricity I would use it more efficiently and safe a lot of cost. I would be more motivated to use energy efficient items. Also the case talks about the electrical items can be turned on/off from anywhere. Let me discuss this example to demonstrate the efficiency. I go to work in the morning at 9 AM which is when I turn of the air conditioner at my place, I would be working at my office till 5 PM before leaving my office I would turn on the air condition er at home so that by the time I reach home my home is nice and cool.This is a simple example how we could save on the electricity cost. Also with these grids the providers would know how the usage patterns are and decide on what rate should be charged from each customer. The only concern that I would have is that the cost of the actual setup of the grid. If that price is not immediately transferred to me I would be happy to accept this change. It should be well distributed and nominal so that the consumers do not feel the pinch.

Analysis: Short Story and Robin Black Essay

Divorced, Beheaded, Survived† by Robin Black In this essay will I analyse and interpret Robin Blacks short story â€Å"†¦ Divorced, Beheaded, Survived†. I will focus on the structure and the use of symbols in the short story in a part of my essay. The short story â€Å"†¦ Divorced, Beheaded, Survived† is written by Robin Black in 2010. The short story is about a woman who thinks back of her childhood, where her brother still lived. She recalls how everybody started ignoring her and her brother when he got sick and died. In present her son loses his best friend and goes through the same type of sorrow. She thinks back at a stage play they used to act with some other kids in the back yard. The short story takes place on Manhattan in about 2004. The main character thinks back at her childhood in Massachusetts. In the present the main character lives with her husband, Lyle, and her two children, Mark and Coco, on Manhattan. In the past she lived with her parents and her older brother in a house. Her childhood home had a small yard with rosebushes and a Japanese maple. The main character is named Sarah. She went to high school and college. She has had a brief marriage with another man, but is now married to Lyle, whom she has two children with. Her to kids are 16 years old, Mark, and 12 years old, Coco. She had a brother named Terrance, called terry, who died in 1974, when he was about 14. Sarah was about 12 when he died. Sarah did not want her two kids to be closer at age, because she would not want them to be like her brother and her. But I put our second child off, and so my boy and girl were always Just a little different from the air we used to be† (Page 2, line 63-64) Sarah tries to protect her children and her self from sorrow and from being frightened, by taking down the pictures of her dead brother. â€Å"l was afraid my brother’s face would become a fearful thing for them. And maybe for me as well, with kids of my own. † (Page 4, line 139-140) Sh e thinks a lot of the stage play she performed in her childhood home with her brother and some of the neighbour’s kids, and how her friends vanished when Terry got sick. She remembers how it felt and how hard it was to get trough, and she knows it will take Marks some time as well to get over his loss. â€Å"And I know that he will. It Just takes time (†¦ ) It’ll take some more time† (Page 4, line 152-153) The short story is written with a 1st person narrator. â€Å"l don’t think about Terry everyday, anymore† (Page 4, Line 127) It is not an omniscient narrator, because we only get to now the main character’s feelings and thoughts. The short story Jumps in time by the main character’s thoughts. It begins with Sarah’s childhood, where you near now it was betore Terry got sick and it switches to present atter we near he ied. As a reader you get thrown right into her present life, where she get a call regarding her son’s best friend’s death. Just as she is about to tell her son, we are en the past again hearing about how the time was when Terry was sick. Through the whole story does Robin Black switch from past to present and reverse in exiting moments, which catches the readers attention. We alternate between hearing about how she was and how she is now. It is first in the very last part we hear how she got trough the rough period. Robin Black uses the tree words â€Å"divorced, beheaded and survived†, not only in the headline but more than one time in the story. The tree words are a symbol of the 3 periods you are going through, when a loved one gets sick and die. Divorced is the time where your friends start avoiding you, not because they do not love you, but because they do not know how to react. The second period is beheaded, where the loved one dies, which is the rough period. The last word is survived. Even though it has been hard, will there be light again. You will get trough it. In the beginning of the hort story Sarah remember how everybody wanted to be Anne Boleyn, the plum role, and how Terry was the best to play her. I think Terry is a symbol of Anne Boleyn. The people surrounding them admire both of them and they both die anyways. I think they are a symbol of how nothing comes easy and you should be happy for what you have. The main themes are sorrow, dealing with sorrow and how life goes on. Trough Sarah’s thoughts we hear how you cannot be prepared to lose a person you love. Many people have a hard time dealing with death and do not know how to act. In â€Å". Divorced, Beheaded, Survived† Robin Black describes how Sarah’s friends quietly start ignoring her and the brother begins as well. She feels alone with her sorrow, which many people do. â€Å"We had played together all our lives, and then it ended. There was no more ease between us. Not even between my brother and me. † (Page 3, line 105-106) In the short story the main character is dealing with her sorrow by burying it. â€Å"Silences, agreed to. Intimacies, put away. † (Page 5, Line 173) Her friends who knew her brother were avoiding her, so she could not talk to them about her feelings.

Revamp Your Resume 3 Essential Tips for Receptionists

Revamp Your Resume 3 Essential Tips for Receptionists One of the most timesIn the descriptive sections of your resume, make sure youre illustrating your skills and experience, not just telling your prospective employer about them. Sit down with a friend   and brainstorm specific instances where you successfully multi-tasked in a busy office environment, organized a chaotic project or packed schedule, or communicated effectively during a stressful time. Answering a question like How would you evaluate your organizational skills by referring to a particular project you managed with flying colors will impress your future boss more than a recitation of your abilities.Finally,  as with any job, make sure you proofread carefully- even down to formatting consistency and accurate punctuation. The polish you give to your resume will speak for your ability to present clean and concise documents at work, too!

Achondroplasia essays

Achondroplasia essays Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant trait, however, it has a very high spontaneous rate of mutation (about 90%). It is the result from a single point mutation in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3). In 97% of the patients, there is a Glycine to Arginine substitution at position 380 (also G380R and Gly380Arg) within the FGFR-3 transmembrane domain, resulting from a G to A point mutation at nucleotide 1138. FGFR-3 is a negative regulator of bone growth. Binding of fibroblast growth factors to the FGFR-3 receptor stimulates its tyrosine kinase activity in the cell, which leads to receptor over-activation. This FGF receptor is expressed by chondrocytes (Mature cartilage cells embedded in lacunae within the cartilage matrix) in the growth plate of developing long bones. Tyrosine kinase activates a signal transduction pathway that regulates enchondral ossification (formation of bone from cartilaginous tissue) by both inhibiting cell division and stimulating cell maturatio n and differentiation. Mutations in the FGFR-3 gene give rise to activation of the receptor in the absence of growth factors, thus causing abnormal long bone development. FGFR-3 mutations can be interpreted as gain-of-function mutations that activate the fundamentally negative growth control exerted by the FGFR-3 pathway. Position and type of mutation in the FGFR-3 gene determine the extent of over-activation and thus the severity of the skeletal abnormality. Homozygous achondroplasia, caused by the presence of two mutant alleles at nucleotide 1138 of the FGFR3 gene, is a severe disorder with radiological changes qualitatively different from those of achondroplasia. Early death results from respiratory insufficiency due to the small thoracic cage and neurological deficit from spinal stenosis. The 4.4kb cDNA contains an open reading frame of 2520 nucleotides, encoding a 840 residue protein. The open reading frame was followed by a 3' untranslated ...

Book review essay: Direct from Dell - Strategies that Revolutionized an Industry

Book review essay: Direct from Dell Strategies that Revolutionized an Industry Dell, a 1984 start-up that grew into great heights within a short span of less than 15 years, has immense hard work of both the founders and employees. Like many other companies, even Dell has faced many challenges and had made ways to beat them. 1. M. Dell grew up with an entrepreneurial spirit ‘ He realized that the computer stores at that time, were buying PCs from IBM, and had been charging a lot of money and gave little or no service. This is when he started assembling computers on his own, and started selling them at a cheaper price and provided better service. 2. Direct Model, v1.0 ‘ the entire business was about listening to the customer, responding to them, and delivering what they wanted. The direct model was based on direct selling. 3. Highest levels of service + products needed ‘ Their top priority was maintaining loyalty among customers and employees, which was achieved by bringing out the highest levels of service and high-performance products. 4. Disdaining inventory ‘ Improving the speed of the inventory flow 5. Order of business at Dell ‘ The new order of business at Dell based on ‘ Liquidity ‘ Profitability ‘ Growth 6. Clear metrics ‘ Once clear metrics and measurements was established, it was easy to see what businesses were performers. 7. Three Golden Rules at Dell ‘ 1) maintain a light inventory, 2) Listening to the customer, and 3) Always sell direct. 8. Phase review process for product development ‘It created a common language and the organization came to agreement on how product development and launching should take place. 9. Segmentation ‘ One can quickly grow smaller companies, but it’s an uphill task to sustain a high rate of growth in a larger corporation. Segmentation enabled dell to scale up its business rapidly. 10. Direct Model, v1.1 ‘ In Version 1.1, they reduced inventory inefficiencies. 11. Reward success by narrowing responsibility ‘This allowed them to keep their people happy and thriving and maintaining a high growth rate. 12. Information sharing ‘ they shared the best ideas throughout their various businesses. 13. Think like you the owner (ROIC) ‘they explained specifically how everyone could contribute: by cycle time reduction, by elimination of scrap, by increasing sales, by forecasting accurately and precisely, by scaling operations, by increasing inventory, collecting accounts receivables effectively, and doing things right in the first attempt. Dell practiced rewarding its employees using ROIC matrix. 14. Complexity kills ‘ their thumb rule was to have as few partners as possible. 15. Supplier management ‘ they set quantitative measures for success so the suppliers knew what they expected and they provide regular progress reports to the suppliers. 16. Inventory velocity revisited ‘Speed to market was important for two reasons. One was that it created competitive value that could be shared between buyer and supplier. The other was that when it came to delivering the latest product they had to be quick. 17. Using the Internet ‘By using the Internet they tried to maintain a continuous flow of materials from their suppliers to their factories, on an average their employees spent less time placing orders and more time building products adding value. The other advantage the Internet gave them was immediate and quick transmission of product quality data. Their suppliers could see the information in real-time. OB CONCEPTS AND THEIR BENEFITS IN DELL 1. Creativity: ‘ Willingness to look at the things differently ‘ Dell was first to experiment with ‘Direct marketing’ even when critics cited it to be a failure methodology 2. McClelland’s Theory of Needs: ‘ Need for Achievement (nAch): Points to support i. Motivated by his passion to do business ii. Converted Hobby(Philately) into initial venture ‘ Need for power: i. They wanted to emerge as a global leaders ii. Penetrate into other markets apart from US [Entered European market, Asian, etc] ‘ Need for Affiliation: i. Michael Dell made ways for friendly customer relations. ii. Dell had great regard for the employees and their concerns. Made frequent enquires to build a good working environment. 3. MBTI Personality: ESTJ ‘ Extrovert: He has been closely associated with the outside world right from the childhood, speaking to experts, salesmen, customers, etc. ‘ Sensing: More focus on details. Hired people to do data analysis while in Newspaper subscription business and implemented the same in the Dell. ‘ Thinking: Implemented competitive strategies (Speed to market, Customer service, Producing high quality, Providing latest relevant technology). ‘ Judging: i. More categorized and organized. ii. Predicted changes in the market much before they are to occur and took decisions accordingly that are fruitful. iii. Entered Consumer retails and exited it soon realising that the model cannot meet financial objective. (Corrective action) And restricted European operations. 4. Job Satisfaction: ‘ Storming Stage: Few managers who could not resist the organisational changes (eg. Use of facts) felt painful and left the organization. (Elimination of Theory X Employees). ‘ Recruiting Process: Michel Dell and his company made it a decision to hire persons with expertise and who had sense of adventure and love challenges. Thus favouring ‘Theory Y Personalities’ with following characteristics: i. How employees think about economic terms? ii. How they want to define success as? iii. How people value and relate them with others? iv. Ability of employees’ understanding on the strategy of the business they are involved in? v. Ability of employees’ understanding on business activities ‘ Employee Engagement: i. Theory Y employees welcomed the use of facts and shown their willingness to adapt to the organizational changes. ii. Change in decision making from emotion based decisions to factual data based decisions. 5. Management by Objectives: (Goal Setting Theory) Dell even at their initial stages were more cautious about setting goals and accomplishing them. Inference is that, Dell gave more priority to the above goal rather than mere growth. 6. Utilitarianism: Seeking the greatest good for the greatest number ‘ And reducing their inventories and overhear expenses. (Disdain Inventory) ‘ Knowing exactly what the customer wants and then provide it. (Always listen to Customer and never sell indirect) ‘ Thus operating at maximum Efficiency by not producing products until they know it is sold. 7. Social Learning Theory: ‘ Through Observations: i. Price is not a sustainable competitive advantage. ii. Understand the economies of each segment: Product, Use, Geography, Customer, etc. iii. Observations from Employee Interactions through following questionnaire: ‘ What are customers telling you? ‘ How do you think the company’s products are doing? ‘ What are our biggest challenges? ‘ What are the biggest threats to our success? ‘ How can the company support you better? ‘ Through own Experience: i. Introducing of Dell’s 30-days Guarantee: After realizing the customer’s insecurity and low levels satisfaction in online purchases, Dell for the first time in the industry introduced this scheme to promote online business-business methodology. ii. Targeting large companies for business to grow wider and faster. Thus making global expansion plans (outside US). 8. Contrast Effect (Perception): When Dell displayed their 12 Mhz high sped Machine in the Comdex show, they earned a good reputation for the product what they have manufactured. Taking products early to market and then capturing customers. 9. Job Enrichment: Train employees to act and think like owners. 10. Operant Based Learning – Make failures with learning acceptable. Dell also learned few things in a hard way. The following words spoke by Michael Dell from the book states this: 11. Selective Perception: Dell initially being more opportunistic tried entering into every sector of the market. This prevented them to make the best decisions and slowed down its growth rate. Then Dell differentiated the tasks: what to do and what not to? And accordingly assign or define goals. This way it has leant selective perception. ‘ CONCLUSION The book is a very good read, and the business principles highlighted above are truly excellent. The very core thing that drives the business is the fact that everything revolves around the customer. Listening to customer feedback, acting on it promptly and adding value to the customer are among the top priority for Dell. Dell has a good organisational practice in place always striving to attract and retain talents, thus making it the best place to work at. This perhaps has helped dell to achieve great heights and proceed beyond the set objectives.

An Issue of Two Courts Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

An Issue of Two Courts - Case Study Example Given the fact that the charges that are to be leveled against the officer and the agency in particular have low chances of standing as criminal charges with intent to murder, in all probabilities, it would be certain that the charges could be changed to civil penalties. Greene (2006) states that there are three types of general torts that could be brought up against the police officer and the agency. These would include Tort is a private injury inflicted on one person by another, where the plaintiff is the injured party. Negligence is alleged when a defendant should have anticipated their acts or omissions would result in an injury. The key factors in these cases are that of reasonableness. The US Supreme Court has affirmed that the right to access to the court's assures that no person will be denied the opportunity to present to the judiciary allegations concerning violations of fundamental constitutional rights. US courts have fundamentally presumed that damage actions against the federal government- although not injunctive relief- must be authorized by the US Congress through an explicit waiver of immunity enjoyed by them. Shelton, (2001) states that at present, the Federal Tort Claims Act makes the state and state agencies liable for money damagesfor injury or loss of property or personal injury or death caused by federal government agents. For example both the FTCA, 28 U.S.C. 1346(b), 2671-2680 (1988 and Supp. IV 1992) and the Tucker Act, 28 U.S.C. 1346(a). It must also be remembered that individual agents are no longer immune from liability in USA where a wrongful act in violation of the constitution by a federal agent acting under color of law gives rise to a cause of action for damages against agents, according to the US Supreme Court (Bivens v Six Unknown Named Agents of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics). What one needs to be remember here is that moonlighting is not against the constitution and hence there can be no constitutional violation charge can be brought against the agency or the officer. The greatest probability in the context of the case is the charge of intentional tort against the officer and a charge of vicarious liability against the agency for hiring police officers that made it a habit of moonlighting while nature of the job that they do demands that they give it their whole and undivided attention. Intentional tort would be a voluntary commission of an act that to a substantial certainty will injure another person. This is in fact a large possibility given the fact that an officer who had finished a job at 3:30 am in the morning could not be expected to be in his full senses or give his best to another job of a nature as sensitive as public security is. The agency can also be brought under the jurisdiction of damages by the plaintiff under the scope of vicarious liability, which states that A legal doctrine that holds the

THE AMERICAN EDUCATION SYSTEM Vs. THE EUROPEAN EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-K Essay

THE AMERICAN EDUCATION SYSTEM Vs. THE EUROPEAN EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-K to 12 GRADE ONLY - Essay Example Contrast to this, the American education system has a division between the elementary school and secondary school. The elementary school involves nine years of study while secondary school involves four years of study (Well, 2010). Another difference comes in the number of days of schooling. In Europe, it is required that students attend 237 school days while in America; schooling days are required to be 170. The hours that students spend in class in a day also differs. In Belgium, students spend an average of eight hours in school while in America students spend a whole day in school (Emily, 2014). Additionally, the education system of Europe and America differs in the time that one goes to college. In German, students have to choose between vocational training schools and academic preparatory and a tender age of ten. However, this is not the case with America because students do not have to choose between the two schools. The education system of America gives an opportunity for anyone who has finished high school to either join college or the university depending on their performance in high school (Well, 2010). The ways in which private schools are handled in both continents differ. In Europe, most of the private schools that have been put in place are religious while in America, private schools belong to individuals, practitioners, institution or to an organization (Emily, 2014). In addition, the government is involved in the payment of private schools in Europe which is not the case in America. In Europe, the government helps in paying a larger part of fees for students in private schools depending on the location. The government pays 80% in Austria and Denmark, 85% in Norway and 70% in Hungary. However, this is not the case in America because parents of students are the ones who pay for all the fees if their children are in private schools. The number of students who attend higher education also differs

Supply Chain Management as a Major Source of Competitive Advantage Essay

Supply Chain Management as a Major Source of Competitive Advantage - Essay Example This paper illustrates that a firm takes inputs from the external environment, processes them and sells it to consumers. The process of transferring the inputs into the firm and getting the outputs to consumers outside the firm is at the center of supply chain management. Supply chain encompasses all organizations and activities associated with the flow and transmission of goods from raw materials through to the end users as well as associated information and monetary flow. Another definition states that the supply chain is â€Å"a set of three or more companies directly linked by one or more of the upstream or downstream flows of products, services, finances and information from a source to a customer†. This implies that supply chain management has to do with how the connections and linkages between a firm, its suppliers and consumers is conducted, arranged and utilised. Ross views supply chain management as a set of tasks that are carried out by an organization in order to a ttain results. He states that the supply chain is a set of collective tasks centered around the optimization of transportation/logistic, processing and distribution channels that a firm employs and utilizes. It involves functions like warehousing, transportation and other objectives associated with the markets. It utilizes time and involves the transfer of possessions. The concept of supply chain management is presented by Horch as the process of procurement, materials logistics, and distribution. This involves the institutionalization of aspects of logistics and the distribution of these logistics through processes related to upstream and downstream flows of the supply chain.

Faith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Faith - Essay Example I have approaches few people that have products, discussed my plans with them, and I would be an agent and offer strategy and agreement between the product owners and the people that I direct to the websites. Commercial transactions would then follow and commission would be my income. Identifying and convincing product owners into the idea have been a challenge but I believe the idea will be successful because God has assured us of success. God’s words to Israelites that the Lord â€Å"gives you the ability to produce wealth† (Deuteronomy 8:18, p. 1) and that â€Å"thou mayest prosper and be in health† (3 John 1:12, p. 1) are the scriptures on which I stand. Failure to find product owners who liked my ideas and wanted to work with it and the fact that I have not yet implemented the ideas challenges my faith in God’s words and power but the scriptures strengthens me. I therefore believe that I shall overcome and attain my financial

History of American policing(5 pages), history of Gainesville, Georgia Essay

History of American policing(5 pages), history of Gainesville, Georgia police department - Essay Example The city of Detroit in the same year decided to have the first group of civilian people to be already considered as officers. Then finally in 1804, there was already the existence of mobile patrol to be used by the officers (Morris, 1999, page xxxi-xxxvi). It was in the year 1844 when in New York, the first police department was modeled together with Peel law officials. These American watchmen were expected to roam around the city as silent as they could and they had to stand up straight and listen to intently. They were also required to guard the weather conditions along with the street lamps. Each time they had to do their job, they had to say the statement â€Å"The police department and the police force, has the power and it is their duty at all times of the day and night to protect the life and property, prevent crime, detect and arrest offenders, and preserve the public peace and enforce all laws, ordinances and provisions of the administrative code over which the police department has jurisdiction.† This is the start of their oath of protection for the people of America (Morris, 1999, page xxxi-xxxvi). But aside from the short summary of how policing came to America, as stated above, there are still a lot of happenings that should be considered as one tries to study the existence of police officers, the department and their duty to people. Little details must also be considered as part of its history. One of these important information that needs to be acknowledged is the office of the sheriff being very ancient. The history of the office can be related to the institution of the king’s reeves whose main purpose is to guard over the king’s possessions and even interests in the nineteenth century. At the end of the century, the guard has already owned or acquired for himself power for judgment and finances. For the same reason, his position got elevated to being a shire and no longer just an

News paper summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

News paper summary - Essay Example Halting the business discouraged government reform efforts but of late the Bank of China has been offering Yuan remittance services to limited loaded clients who have been researched on to determine their source of monies. Citigroup’s high earnings jump-started the stock market raising the market indexes. In spite of improved U.S. economic data, optimistic investors kept a view of other foreign stock markets and oversaw improved results in the second-quarter earnings. Big banks recorded an increase in their share earnings despite being hit by litigation costs, declined trade, and a frail mortgage market. Citigroup recorded the highest rise in shares up from $.42 to $48.42 followed by J.P. Morgan Chase 3% and Goldman Sachs 1.3%. Investors thus gained confidence from the report, and their reaction helped the Dollar gain against the Yen and ease on the euro. Hardly anyone thought capital would return to Australia after it flowed out but with the completion of the mining business; the Australian dollar has since been boosted, and government bonds have lowered. Investors will have a bumpy return in the market due to low-interest rates and low vitality. The dollar has highly been driven by the search for yield raising it from 8% to 15%. Japanese firms are the leading investors in the high-yielding Australian market whereby they sell their low-yielding Japanese investments in search for a high-yielding currency. Sluggish domestic economy brought about the drop in Australian bond yields and statements from the central bank that low-interest rates would carry on for long to back growth caused persistent low-interest rates. Despite growth from the financial crisis in 2008, the Australian government bond market is still small though demand for the bonds remains high. The article centers on incoming AIG chief executive, Peter Hancock’s salary, a former banker who succeeded Robert

History of American policing(5 pages), history of Gainesville, Georgia Essay

History of American policing(5 pages), history of Gainesville, Georgia police department - Essay Example The city of Detroit in the same year decided to have the first group of civilian people to be already considered as officers. Then finally in 1804, there was already the existence of mobile patrol to be used by the officers (Morris, 1999, page xxxi-xxxvi). It was in the year 1844 when in New York, the first police department was modeled together with Peel law officials. These American watchmen were expected to roam around the city as silent as they could and they had to stand up straight and listen to intently. They were also required to guard the weather conditions along with the street lamps. Each time they had to do their job, they had to say the statement â€Å"The police department and the police force, has the power and it is their duty at all times of the day and night to protect the life and property, prevent crime, detect and arrest offenders, and preserve the public peace and enforce all laws, ordinances and provisions of the administrative code over which the police department has jurisdiction.† This is the start of their oath of protection for the people of America (Morris, 1999, page xxxi-xxxvi). But aside from the short summary of how policing came to America, as stated above, there are still a lot of happenings that should be considered as one tries to study the existence of police officers, the department and their duty to people. Little details must also be considered as part of its history. One of these important information that needs to be acknowledged is the office of the sheriff being very ancient. The history of the office can be related to the institution of the king’s reeves whose main purpose is to guard over the king’s possessions and even interests in the nineteenth century. At the end of the century, the guard has already owned or acquired for himself power for judgment and finances. For the same reason, his position got elevated to being a shire and no longer just an

Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature Essay Example for Free

Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature Essay T. C. Boyle’s â€Å"Carnal Knowledge† narrates about the life of Jim, his character and feelings. The use of irony indicates about the real life events and how Jim encountered them. Use of Irony shows how Jim faced tyranny and revealed about his character. Irony is used at different points in the story. Thesis: The use of Irony in this story depicts how man tries to gain love and other materialistic things in life but how events lead to misfortunes and undesirable results. Normally true relations never develop if they’re based on lies and fake attitude. The narrator describes about the meat in the supermarket and it is the first point when Irony is used. He desperately describes the delicious ways in which meat is consumed and an indication how he loves meat and he’s not a vegan. Jim is totally inclined towards the taste and not worried about how the animals are killed. In another instance irony is used when he meets with Alena and Alf. When Jim in out on dinner with Alena, again he had no meat to eat because of Alena’s involvement in animal protection. Irony usually results from person’s own faults in character. Alf peed on Jim. There is he met Alena. Appearance of Alf was another point of irony for him as the dog peed on him. Then later dog tried to attack on him. Jim is not very caring about animals. But when he meets Alena, he does care but not for animals but only for Alena and to prove to be ‘so good’ that he cares. Though he loved to eat meat but he decline to admit in front of Alena that he eat meat and pretended that he’s a vegetarian. It was his irony that he was deprived of having meat in meal in order to show Alena that he’s the same like her and she might got interested in him seeing all these characters. The narrator is also left in irony when he was in turkey farm. Irony was used at this point when Jim’s feelings were hurt as he was left in the farm. Jim tried to save turkeys. Though he did his best to become a good heroic image in the eyes of Alena, but still she did not pay any attention to him and cleared this point to him that there is â€Å"no’ relation between us and our purpose is only to save animals. While saving turkeys he felt more like hungry then wanting to save them. At farm Jim had to handle all the core tasks while his beloved was away with other cores. Though Jim tried to impress Alena with his lies but did not succeed. It was Alena’s love for animals and that’s for she cared. She never thought about meat and the taste. But Jim’s focus was meat and the taste it gives in different forms. Jim’s irony was that he never got what he wanted to be in Alena’s eyes. Conclusion In the â€Å"Carnal Knowledge† irony is used in terms that despite his all efforts to become so good in the eyes of Alena his endeavors were wasted. His character does not seem to be realistic. He lied to prove himself good. He was not really a good person but he tried to be good just to have more attention from Alena, and finally all his efforts were wasted. Works Cited T. C. Boyle’s â€Å"Carnal Knowledge† In Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature, Seventh Edition, p. 267

Impact of Globalisation on Nation Borders

Impact of Globalisation on Nation Borders Globalization has had its impacts on world cross-border flows e.g flow of capital. There has been an increase in international economic activity which has expanded world trade and general capital flow. Goods are flowing across national borders easily through reduced trade barriers and new transportation methods. However, it cannot be stated that the world has become borderless. The aim of this paper is to show (through examining the U.S’s border and trade between Canada) that borders still exist and impact daily trade. In fact, it can be anticipated to see that there are new types of borders or divides being formed within countries such as the U.S. Borders are being used to reinforce protection, define territories and influence prices of material imported from other countries. Borders can be viewed differently depending on their purpose and distance from which the border is being viewed. From those different perspectives we can see that the world still has borders, they just c hange in their function depending on different aspects (Globally, Transnationally or Realistic). Economies of nations are correlated through trade of goods, services, information and even migration. Economic integration reduces barriers between national economies through governments lowering tariffs and other trade barriers strengthening trade and helps create a borderless world. Technological advances in communication have also promoted integration in the way that they ease access to knowledge of further consumers and products. Borders still have impacts on markets even close countries such as, U.S product markets and neighbouring country, Canada. The idea of having no borders and complete economic integration means having no trade barriers between countries. Canada and USA have eliminated numerous barriers of trade between them, CUSFTA and NAFTA had eliminated barriers to bilateral trade for numerous goods before the recent trade agreements (Ceglowski, pg 22). Geographically, these countries are in favourable locations for trade. Greater distances would lead to higher costs for transportation and services hindering the economic integration between them. USA and Canada share one long border which can easily be crossed through land or water. Over  ¾ of the Canadian population lives within 100 miles of the U.S border therefore the two countries share a number of social, political, cultural aspects. Majority of these countries’ population speak the same language which all together encourages bilateral trade and other cross border activities. They currently exchange approximately $1 billion goods and services per day, they’re the world’s largest bilateral trade flow. However, the border still affects economic activities between them. Research shows that Canadian provinces trade much more with other Canadian provinces than the U.S states of same economic size and distance. Ontario which is roughly the same distance from Br itish Columbia and Washington traded 7 times more with B.C than Washington in 1990. Despite Washington being a larger economy there was an apparent home bias in Canadian merchandize (Ceglowski, pg 23). There are other nontariff barriers such as licensing, health and safety regulations, gov’t procedures that often impact trade. For example, in early 1990’s Ontario established a 10% tax on all can beers with the aim to encourage container reusing. However, the U.S beer manufactures saw this as a protectionist rule because they mostly sell their beer in cans which meant the tax would have a huge impact on their product (Ceglowski, pg 24). If borders were non-existent and had no impact on trade, there would be no price difference or different currencies between same products in the two countries. In the case of USA and Canada, despite the distance being significantly lower than other trading countries, prices between a city in Canada and USA are higher than it would be between cities within the same country. Even between U.S.A and Canada, there is a difference in currency which is another indicator of a border. International transactions have risks which also act as barriers for international trade (Ceglowski, pg 25). Borders still play critical roles in politics. Some may argue that their functions are changing rather than them fading. Malcolm Anderson considers borders as a dynamic element of the state; they’re used as an instrument of state policy. When governments change the place and function of their borders, it’s for specific benefits for their state and citizens. The policies and actions of state authorities are determined by clearly defined borders and borders are used as national identities. Moraczeska compares the role and place of borders according to their perception, importance and actions taken to execute rules within the borders. In her comparison, Moraczeska compares these aspects from a realistic, transnational and global aspect: Figure 1.0: Table comparing border roles, perception and importance from three aspects (Moraczewska, pg 333) From Moraczeska’s table it is clear that from a realistic, technical view, borders serve as an element of nationality and separation. It acts as a barrier against threats, the border acts to fragment regions with the aid of infrastructure made for securitization purposes and militarisation at the borders. At a transnational perspective, borders still play the role of fragmenting regions but it’s not a solid dividing line. It’s considered permeable where there’s a gradual abolition of infrastructure which opens up flows of goods, money and people. Globally, the borders are perceived as international markets. They’re viewed as a â€Å"virtual line†, a line only seen on a map but don’t exist for global markets which reinforces the concept of the world as a whole becoming borderless. We can also see that globally, the importance of a border is downplayed. It’s not viewed as a barrier but as a unifier for international flows. The border functions as a mixed market system and legal system. So the border is still connected with a territory but its function changes in the way that it divides one zone (economically, monetary, politically) from another but it’s not related to a nation-state but to a market. Borders between these different zones can be sources of profits/benefits or losses therefore, the idea of a borderless world isn’t completely true even from a global perspective (Moraczeska, pg 334-336). Whereas borders seem to be more porous when it comes to trade, U.S borders are becoming more securitized when it comes to immigration. After the terrorist attacks September 11, 2001, the U.S (and multiple other states) has become determined to gain more control over their external borders. The USA has reinforced visa requirements and immigration procedures to control international movement of people. The US has also began construction of hundreds of miles of fencing along its border with Mexico. This process doesn’t only restrict material flow from Mexico to USA but also cuts off thousands of people who benefited from job opportunities (Newman, pg 149). Many other nations around the world such as Thailand, Uzbekistan, Iran, Brazil, Botswana, Spain have also strengthened their existing border barriers (Alexander and Hagen, pg 1197-1198). U.S.A’s border strengthened since the 2002 hearing. During this hearing, technology experts were asked to find a way to fight the war on terror using risk profiling techniques. Two years from this hearing, the US Department of Homeland Security announced a $10 billion project (US VISIT) to restructure and manage US air, land and seaport of entry security. According to Accenture, this project is designed ‘to operate far beyond US boundaries’ enabling Homeland Security to assess security risks of all US-bound travellers, preventing potential threats from reaching the US borders. This biometric border brings extends the government’s ability to examine and govern multiple aspects of daily life. The US VISIT programme acts against the idea of porous international borders that are open for business. It objectifies and categorizes people as subjects and breaks them up into predictable risk factors for him or herself (e.g gender is taken as a possible risk factor f or the subject) or to others (e.g illegal immigrants) (Louise, pg 339). This programme creates multiple boarders even within USA itself. In 2003, Accenture organized workshops for American citizens suggesting that ‘well intentioned Americans should volunteer to help fight the war on terror’ however, insinuations of citizen profiling for the other ethnicities in America such as Arab Americans are never questioned for being more racial and ethnic targeting. This creates a divide between ethnicities within USA (Louise, pg 346). Even though the U.S and other nations around the world have become more open to trade, borders between nations still exist and impact trade flows. The border between USA and Canada has large impacts on the trade flow and prices between the two nations. It can be seen that if two neighboring countries such as these still have border impacts despite the banishing of a lot of barriers and tariffs, countries trading from further will be faced with border impacts as well. This proves the idea of globalization making the world borderless irrelevant. We also saw that borders can be viewed differently and can have different roles. Borders viewed from a global aspect tend to play an integrative role were as from a realistic and transnational perspective, they take on a dividing role. Borders cannot be viewed from a single perspective; they continue to function differently in different scales. Throughout this paper it was also established that borders aren’t just the markings or fences that separate one nation from another, virtual borders within countries (e.g USA) can be formed and are being formed. Therefore, it cannot be argued that the world is becoming borderless. Rather, borders are transforming. Bibliography: Amoore, Louise. Biometric Borders: Governing Mobilities in the War on Terror. Political Geography 25.3 (2006): 336-51. Political Geopgraphy, 2006. Web. 30 Oct. 2014. Ceglowski, Janet. â€Å"Has Globalization Created a Borderless World?’ Bangkok: John Stirling for The Nation, 1973. Web. 30 Oct. 2014. Diener, Alexander, and Joshua Hagen. Theorizing Borders in a ‘Borderless World’: Globalization, Territory and Identity. WILEY Online Library. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 18 Mar. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Moraczewska, Anna. The Chnaging Interpretation Of Border Functions In International Relations. Revista Romà ¢nă De Geografie Politică XII.2 (2010): 329-40. University in Lublin, 23 Nov. 2010. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. Newman, David. The Lines That Continue to Separate Us: Borders in Our borderless World. Progress in Human Geography 30.2 (2006): 143-61. Sage Publications. SAGE, 2006. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. Newman, David. World Society, Globalization and a Borderless World: The Contemporary Significance of Borders and Territory. World Society Foundation, 2005. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Sparke, Matthew. From Geopolitics to Geoeconomics: Transnational State Effects in the Borderlands. Taylor Francis Online. Routledge, 19 Oct. 2007. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Word Count: 1510 1

Jacob :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jacob, the son of Isaac and Rebekah, and the twin brother of Esau, was born in Canaan, around 2,000 BC. Even before his birth, great things had been predicted of him by the Spirit of the Lord. It was prophesized that although he was the younger born of the twins, he should have dominion, and be the father of a great and powerful nation. The predictions also included his descendents would reign supreme over all the descendents of his elder brother, Esau (Blunt 123).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jacob first appears in the Bible in the book of Genesis. The Bible says that Esau was the firstborn of the twins. â€Å"Afterward his brother came out, with his hand gripping Esau’s heel; so he was named Jacob.† (Genesis 25:26). The boys grew up, and Esau was described as a skillful hunter, while Jacob was a quiet man, living in tents. Once when Jacob was cooking a stew in his tent, Esau came in from the from hunting in the fields and was famished. Jacob told Esau he would share with him his stew on the condition that Esau renounce his birthright to him. Esau accepted. Later, as their father, Isaac sat on his deathbed, he blessed Jacob, who was dressed in fur clothing to imitate Esau who had more body hair than Jacob. Isaac thought it was Esau he was blessing (Meeks 41). After this, Jacob’s mother advised him to go live with his Uncle Labon in Padan-Aram – afraid that Esau would become vengeful and kill Jacob after he tricked their fath er into giving him his blessing of the first born. On his way to Padan-Aram, he came to Bethel to sleep for the night. He took a stone and placed it under his head. Some critics believe that a correction to our traditional misunderstanding of this stone placing is that Jacob took the stone and placed it not under his head as a pillow, but rather â€Å"at his head† for protection. While sleeping here, he dreams of a ladder set up on the earth, reaching all the way up to heaven. He saw the angels of God ascending and descending on it. The opinion of some critics is that what Jacob saw in his dream was not a â€Å"ladder† but a â€Å"stairway†. Some years ago, at a site twenty-five miles northeast of Bethel, archaeologists uncovered the remains of a divided stone staircase leading from the city down to its water source.

Diverse Australian Biomes Adapting :: Adaptation Australia Essays

Diverse Australian Biomes Adapting Australia is a land of rather extreme weather conditions and widely diverse climates that force the vegetation living there to adapt in many interesting ways. Australia is the driest continent, and biomes such as grasslands and savannas are prime sources of widespread catastrophic fires. The plants that grow in the vast arid and semi-arid regions of Australia are prone to fires simply because of the desert climates that they grow in. High temperatures combined with low fuel moisture contents, little humidity and drying winds that sweep across the landscape encourage many of the plants living in these areas to burst into flames at fairly frequent intervals. Serotinous cones, protective bark, intricate underground recovery systems, unique seed distributions and even the necessity of fire for reproduction are just some of the amazing ways that the major plant families which grow in these fire-prone areas have learned to adapt to their environments. History of fires in Australia Australia is currently the driest continent in the world and has a vast history of fire to prove it. Bushfires in the Adelaide Hills were first described and recorded in 1827, and have occurred at frequent intervals since that time. Fire weather can reach extremes in places such as Rudall River National Park in NW Western Australia. Temperatures are often above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), dew points can drop to —37 degrees Celsius, and the winds, uninhibited by trees, can reach speeds of 50-60 km/h (31-37 mph) at any given time in the year. The fuels there may appear to be completely dead, and gaps between plants may be a meter or more (Gill, 1995). In 1966 a massive fire at Brooyar, Queensland had flame heights of 20-25 meters (65-82 feet). In addition to being devastating, the fires are also very unpredictable. A bushfire in the Baulkham Hills in January of 1975 completely destroyed property and some homes, while leaving others untouched. Serious fires occur in the Dandenog Ranges at frequent intervals, and housing there has always been a difficult problem with fire control [3]. Fire has also been used for centuries as an important tool for land management (O’Neill, 1993). Necessary Conditions For Fire Plants that grow in the vast arid and semi-arid regions of Australia are prone to fires simply because of the desert climate they grow in. High temperatures, low fuel moisture contents, little humidity and drying winds that sweep across the landscape encourage small patches of plants to burst into flames.

The Effect of Pollution on Mount Everest

Nepal is the small, one of the poorest country of the world. Yet it is very rich in natural resources and scenic beauty including highest ranges of Himalayas. Nepal is the home of the eight highest mountains out often in the world. Mountaineers, trekkers and skilled professionals regularly visit to scale the Mountains in Nepal, which has increased the number of tourist in Nepal. In the last decade, people's attraction toward the mountaineering has increased a lot, by which number of climbers visiting Mount Everest has also been increased.Due to the increasing umber of climbers in the Everest, pollution in and around the Everest has increased and it needs a special attention to prevent from the pollution. Everest attracts people of all around the world. In the past only few climbers who know well about the mountains used to come but today most of the interested people who have enough economic sources visit Himalayas to climb the mountain. According to Norbu Sherpa, a mountain tourist guide, people come to climb Everest as they want to be famous scaling the tallest mountain in the world (Wawahare).In the early 2000s the number f tourist arriving to Nepal was around 400,000 but in last two years people flowing to Nepal has increased rapidly reaching around 900,000 nearly triple of starting 2000s as per the statistics given by the Nepal Tourism Statistics in 2012 (Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation ). As the numbers of climbers has increased, pollution in the highest portion of the peaks has been increased.Pollution in the Everest includes foods, plastics, cans, gas tanks, papers, climber's equipment, human excreta, and also dead bodies of climbers. According to Norbu Sherpa in the article, â€Å"A Conversation with: Mountain Guide Norbu Sherpa†, if the flow of the climbers is frequent, more and more waste is created (Wawahare). The article â€Å"Everest Maxed Out† published on June 2013 in National Geographic Magazine by Mark Jenkins pro vides information about his climbing on Everest and the flow of climbers he saw near camp Ill and pollution in the Everest.Jenkins says, â€Å"The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are not only dangerously crowded but also disgustingly polluted, with garbage leaking out of the glaciers and pyramids of human excrement befouling the high camps. And then there are the deaths. † Pollution due to death of climbers happens especially due to certain change in weather and climbers who is less experienced or trained. Despite of being polluted, Everest fascinates and attracts the climbers toward it every year.As the increasing numbers of trekkers and climbers in the Everest has led to the pollution, government should try to clean up all the wastes in the Everest utilizing the revenue they had earned from the tourism industry. Norbu says, the government earnings through tourism has not been utilize in mountains nor for benefit of Sherpas (Wawahare). Gover nment should make strict rules and laws to punish the people who makes pollution in the Everest.If the Climbers did not bring back their all used equipment's and the trash from Everest they should lose their deposit money and Sherpas should be rewarded if they brought wastes to the lower base of Everest. And also government, mountaineering agencies should limit the number of people climbing the mountain in every season or month which will not only helps to control pollution but also maintains the traffic Jams in Everest. A climbers, guides and Sherpas should be provided trainings to handle the severe eather condition in mountain so that deaths in the mountains decrease.Decreasing the number of deaths and limiting the number of climbers on Everest pollution will be controlled and also government needs to be aware about the pollution on Everest and utilize their revenue for reducing pollution in mountains. Everest is one of the main factor that world recognizes Nepal, so every concern ed individual as well as government and agencies should control pollution. Controlling pollution it will not only preserve the beauty of Everest but also more people can have the glory to scale the Everest in future.

Gender Differences Essay

In the excerpt from the book, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus, author John Gray discusses the stark differences between men and women. He states that the personality traits between men and women are so dissimilar, that each sex might as well have originated from the planets, Mars and Venus, respectively. He explains that men value power and achievement, and they choose certain occupations and offer others solutions to their problems based on these values. Comparatively, women believe communication and relationships are more important, and they desire empathy when they interact with others. He details that these different character traits often cause confusion and communication barriers between men and women. Gray’s excerpt explains his unique definition of male and female personalities; however, it is a broad assumption to say that all men and women behave in a certain way solely based on their gender. The stereotypes that Gray specifically utilizes in his excerpt oversimplify the complex interactions between men and women instead of showing their differing emotional responses based on particular situations. The two emotional responses that Gray does not compare are stress and anger. The male and female reactions to these emotions offer the best example of the differences between the sexes. More often than not, men and women respond to stress in different ways. Women tend to externalize their feelings when they deal with stressful situations. They often confide in their significant other, friends, and family as an outlet for the stress in their life. Typically, once a woman has effectively deliberated and discussed her feelings and issues regarding stress, she often feels better about the stressful situation. In her book, You Just Don’t Understand, expert Deborah Tannen similarly explains that women use complaining as a way to feel close to others. She calls this way of conversing â€Å"troubles talk. † She says, â€Å"For women, talking about troubles is the essence of connection. I tell you my troubles, you tell me your troubles, and we’re close. † (61). A perfect example of this can be seen with my interactions with my close friend, Lindsey. She will frequently need to call me and vent about her relationship woes. She uses our conversations to help talk through her stressful situations and will ultimately feel better following our calls. I will tend to use conversations with my mother or sister to vent about my stress, as well. Conversely, men often internalize their emotional responses to stress. Men tend to reserve their emotions internally and use various non-stressful activities as distractions to occupy themselves, such as watching sports or playing video games. A prime example of the male response to stress can be seen when my boyfriend is stressed from work. When he comes home after a stressful day, he will play video games for hours to help relieve his stress. After playing these games, he will feel much better. When I recognize that he is stressed, I usually ask him if he would like to discuss his situations; he usually responds by saying that he is fine and he just needs some time alone. I have also noticed a similar response to stress in other men such as my coworkers, fellow students, and my brothers and father. This unique male response to stress demonstrates the difference from the female stress response. Another emotional situation in which men and women have a tendency to respond differently is anger. Although each person reacts to anger in their own way, men and women will generally react to anger in a different manner. Women, including myself, will often react to anger by isolating themselves from the initial anger trigger and think through their emotional response prior to any actions. Simply put, think first, and act later. For example, my mother’s response to anger follows the aforementioned format. Her initial response involves removing herself from the anger stimulus where she can better collect herself. After assessing the situation which generated my mother’s anger response, she will respond in a more conservative and appropriate manner. Conversely, men have a propensity to react to anger in a much different way. When in an emotional situation that causes anger, men are more inclined to violence and can be quick to react by demonstrating their anger in a more physical manner. They often act this way because they are trying to prove they are â€Å"manly† or â€Å"powerful†. Gray explains that, â€Å"[men] are always doing things to prove themselves and to develop their power and skills† (695). A great example of this common male response can be seen with my brother, Sam. When angered, Sam tends to react like most males when experiencing anger. His initial reaction to anger typically is demonstrated by a violent motion by hitting an object. This is usually followed by a more thoughtful and collected response after the initial outburst. These reactions to anger demonstrate the differing emotional responses between men and women which can be seen throughout society on a frequent basis. Despite the differing reactions to stress and anger mentioned above, men and women can also respond in a similar manner. Since no two individuals are the same, it is important to understand that the aforementioned examples are not the only reactions that men and women can portray. Stress and anger are natural human emotions that are experienced almost daily. It is also important to understand that human emotions and communication are much more complex than the examples that Gray provides. This complexity is due to unique personalities and differing interactive situations. No two responses even with the same individual will ever be the same. However, understanding the different ways men and women may communicate and react to certain emotions will provide a better understanding of the opposite sex. This understanding will help bridge the communication gap between men and women and improve our knowledge of the complexities of human emotion.

Sompetition play in people’s daily life Essay

What part does competition play in people’s daily life? Do we put too much emphasis on competition? Are we more affected by its positive models or its less-desirable attributes? Does our economic system rely too heavily on winners and losers, or does the competitive marketplace spur new ideas and efficiencies? Now, I have a challenge for you. Think of one aspect of life that does not include competition. Do you find it hard to complete this task? If yes, why? This is because each day, in any number of ways, we are engaged in competition. Competition exists when there is a scarcity of a desired outcome. Thus, you may wonder, what part does competition play in our daily’s life? Competition makes people to improve themselves every day. Without competition, a lot of people will consider themselves the best in their majors. Though such feeling of confidence is important, it inevitably limits their intentions to develop the knowledge and technique. The appearance of another s pecialist will challenge the importance of the colleague in the same group and encourage him to learn more and do more. A good example is in an orchestra, if there is only one person who is good at playing violin, he may think himself the best and seldom consider improving his skill. Now a new player who is more talented and had achieved higher grade in violin comes into the same orchestra. The former player must face the fact that he is not the best there and needs to learn more and work more to keep up with new skill while the later one will keep practising so that he will always be better than the first musician. This in turn, motivates other players and thus higher the standard of the orchestra. Besides that, competition helps people to learn. It makes us strive for better. When there is a competition, we tend to give our best in urge to win. Even if we lose, we have learnt something.  We learnt from our failure and mistakes For example, in school, students work hard to overcome other people to be the top scholar in the school. If they did not do well in their tests, they will know what are their weaknesses and thus learn more so that they cam improve that. Without competition, students would be lazy and become incompetent. This is because competition is a motivational factor for a person to excel in any field. If there is no competition, students may not study to score good marks since there is no ranking. Moreover, competition builds teamwork. By working as a group to achieve something, we need to work effectively with other people. This in turn, improves our communication skills, socialising  skills and all round ability to work with other people. Therefore, competition makes us learn new things constantly. Furthermore, competition makes the manufactures invent better products which benefit the country and people. With the development of communication and transportation, merchandize can be easily tr ansported from one country to another country, as well as new technique can be easily learned from one region to another region. International competitions in a lot of fields appear. With a lot of brands of the same kind of commodity, customers always prefer the brand with better quality and cheap price. Therefore international competition makes the manufactures develop this kind of merchandize with the good quality and appropriate price using the better technique. As a result, the newest product with better quality and reasonable price improves the quality of people’s daily life and increase the popularity of the country as many people will know the newest product which can improve the quality of their lives is made by this country. If the country has high popularity, the people living in that country will have a better life. This is because more tourists will know and want to visit that country and thus generates income of the country. The country will then develop infrastr uctures which benefit its people. In conclusion, competition makes people to learn and improve and improve their standard of lives.

Learning experiences from the Management Process Study Essay

Learning experiences from the Management Process Study - Essay Example The main thing for which the employers are looking for is the meeting of the goals and the expectations that they have. It is the duty of the employers to give a constant feedback to their employees so that they are aware of actually what their employees are up to (WESKE, 2007). This also helps the organization decide how much they actually need to train or guide their employees towards a better form. Feedback also makes them figure out if the profession they are pursuing is something they really want to do or if there is something else for them in store (MACMILLAN and TAMPOE, 2000). The Tuck man model of growth development of the group is related to the formation of a group and how the members of the group continue to behave in the group. The group that I have chosen to discuss is the group from my Organizational Behavior class. Group Formation The group that was formed contained of people all unknown to each other, since they all belonged to the different sections. The tuck man mod el explains the process a group of individuals go through to achieve a synchronized group that has cohesiveness and integrity. There are four stages given by the Tuck man model which claims that each and every group has to go through these stages before either the group forms completely or is dispersed completely failing to achieve any sort of cohesiveness. The stages in the model are Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing. Forming In this first stage, all the people are new to each other; they are usually at their best behavior trying to gain the impressions of the others around them and assess them. The people are usually focused on the task at hand and are goal oriented. In this stage of team, the supervisor should play the most active role by maintaining a cordial relationship between the members and making sure that no team member is left out. My group is past this stage, the process of forming went really well, where each of us realized the potential of each other and lear ned to respect each other for it. The forming process of our team was quite beneficial too as we learned about each other and were able to decide the tasks at hand in a good manner. Storming In the storming process of any group the members of the group openly begin giving their ideas and sharing with one another. At this point in time the group members also decide who their group leader will be and what type of leadership they prefer (POIRIER and WALKER, 2005). IN our case, the leader was predefined therefore the only that we had to decide was the type of leadership that we will have. There were a bit of issues as well because some of the members in our group were not agreeing to give-up their ideas. But thankfully we reached a common point and the whole process was decided then about how to carry on. We came out of this phase successfully as well. Norming In the norming stage the team members are all in harmony and happily working with each other in achieving the goal (PICKETT, 200 5). Our group is currently at this stage, we are all synchronized in our ideas and our working towards our goals. There is perfect harmony and no more clashes in ideas of the group members. Performing Performing stage is when the group starts to perform the tasks and behave like one unit. The things are all decided the task distributed and there is the smooth working of the group then. There are no internal or external conflicts. Our group is yet to reach this stage. LEARNING

Research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Research proposal - Essay Example In this research proposal, therefore, attentive oral hygiene is a significant part of VAP prevention approach; though there is a difference in the real practice for particular application technique, products utilized, and timing prevent development of VAP. The participants will be ICU adults receiving mechanical ventilation who are in need of regular oral care hygiene. The problem is that there are no definite recommendations in the guidelines about a specific solution to be utilized and the frequency of oral care. A research in an ICU suggest that performing oral care thrice a day with routine tooth brushing minimized the rate of pathogenic bacteria colonization in the oral cavity that resulted in a remarkable reduction in the prevalence of VAP (Ebbing, 2010). In recent studies, use of 2% chlorhexidine solution as the oral care hygiene technique in ventilated patients indicated a lower rate in oropharyngeal colonization with gram-negative bacilli and therefore, a reduction in the de velopment of VAP (Ebbing, 2010). The research topic is ‘what is the most efficient intervention to reduce ventilator associated pneumonia in adult ICU patients; use of antiseptic agent (chlorhexidine) or performing oral care (using toothbrushes or toothpaste)?’ The tooth brushing technique will involve the use of a soft toothbrush to clean the patient’s teeth to reduce plaque. Also, the patient’s gums and tongue will be brushed to stimulate the tissues (Urden, 2014). The use of antiseptic agent chlorhexidine will be performed after a duration of 6 hours, which is a recommendation for patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. In such a case, the patient’s teeth should be cleaned before using chlorhexidine to minimize staining. However, chlorhexidine can be made less active by toothpaste if used within a period of thirty minutes to two hours. Where the two methods may be

The Universe Next Door Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Universe Next Door - Assignment Example The main question from the worldview to each individual is how do you view or see the world? In understanding worldview, therefore, there are beliefs and patterns taken by various people so as to try and explain these challenging phenomena. Some of them include the religious worldview, with the majority being the Christian worldview, scientific worldview, political worldview, culture and many different sub-categories in which one may decide to view the world, including relationships and business. In summary, the worldview can be seen as the conception of the world that is comprehensive from a particular standpoint (Holmes 5). My personal world view is Christian worldview. My personal beliefs and experiences have made me decide that the Christian worldview explains and makes me understand challenging phenomena in the world. In supporting the Christian worldview, there are various terms that have to be understood. The changing patterns and ways of life and the world at large are consid ered worldview according to personal assertion and observation. Christian worldview tries to explain this changing pattern hence making it is easy for me to understand and explain various things in my environment. It is important to understand the terms like reality, ignorance and informed view when trying to explain the Christian Worldview perspective. The reality of the world is usually expressed by the patterns affecting one’s daily life, people, therefore, develop beliefs and faith. Ignorance is taken to be the lack of knowledge or idea about something but has always been not accepted as an excuse for not understanding and judging what is right or wrong. Many people are ignorant since they do not have an informed view of what life is all about. People of this caliber live without goals, ambitions, visions, and dreams. An informed view can easily be acquired by gaining knowledge through relevant institutions such as schools. Such a view is further boosted by acquiring expe rience through day-to-day life. Whereas some of the worldview according to some people might have been acquired through learning, some can also achieve this knowledge through inheritance. The Christian worldview is composed of a culture passed down from one generation to another. The Christian worldview is based on what can be perceived to be normal, moral and logic. In reality, whatever one believes in is always true according to the context and the environment, but this is not always true in every places or instance (Walsh & Middleton 32). I find the Christian worldview to be true to the environment and the context of humanity. Personality towards worldview involves the ability to sense, think, know, and act to a specific reaction.  

Motivation for Turkish entry to the European Union Essay

Motivation for Turkish entry to the European Union - Essay Example As a result of that the tensions of the Cold War between America and Soviet Union were visible in Europe until the cold war ends during the latter parts of twentieth century. Soon after the ending of cold war, European and American countries started thinking about cooperation rather than conflicts. As a result of that, ideologies like globalization has entered the horizon. The ending of cold war helped Eastern Europe to reduce its gap with Western Europe. The unification of two Germanys gave momentum to this process. The call for regional integration or a unified Europe or European Union started to become a hotly debated topic after the unification of the two Germanys. â€Å"The term â€Å"regional integration† means combining parts into a whole, according to the Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary† (Dosenrode, 2010, p.4). Moreover, the theories of Federalism and Functionalism, put forward by prominent scholars gave momentum to the integration process of Europe. It shou ld be noted that Europe was functioning not as a whole, but as parts until the unification of the Germanys. The efforts for European integration were started immediately after WWII. ... Turkey is one country which is trying hard to become a permanent member in EU. Turkey is a Eurasian country of strategic importance because of its geographic location in between Asia and Europe. Its boundaries are located in two continents: Europe and Asia. That is why EU members are considering Turkey as a semi-European country. â€Å"Turkey  has not yet become a member of the  EU. Nevertheless,  Turkey's candidacy to join the  EU  is still one of the most considerable and controversial topics within the European political arena† (Kunnecke, 2013, p.527) Turkey has started its effort to acquire membership in the European Economic Community from 1987 onwards. Turkey is currently an associate member of the Western European Union. Moreover, they signed an agreement with the EU in 1995 and are officially recognized as a candidate for full membership now. Negotiations for accepting Turkey as full member of EU were started in 2005 and it is still going on. According to Aud as (2013, p.183) â€Å"Turkey  has been part of an ongoing process of integration with its European Union (EU) neighbours for year, and yet the debate for inclusion continues† According to Cendrowicz (2009), Turkey’s membership bid has become a major controversy of the ongoing enlargement of the European Union. He has pointed out that French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel are against the introduction of Turkey into EU because of the public opinion against Turkey in Europe. Moreover, the current Eurozone crisis is another factor which weakens Turkey’s stakes for a membership in EU. Even though, Turkey is a secular democratic state, the influence of Islamic religion on political

Death Penalty (Opposing Viewpoint) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Death Penalty (Opposing Viewpoint) - Essay Example The practice of capital punishment is on the other hand supported by many who believe that some acts should carry this punishment so as to set a precedent for the coming generation. This essay would revolve around the support of capital punishment by the individuals who believe that it can be beneficial for the whole society. The Supporters of Capital Punishment hold the view that Bible is a contemporary source of cultural and religious values for most people residing in North America. The Old Testament of the Jews along with the New Testament of Christians speaks in favor of Capital Punishment. Christians who are in support of Capital Punishment give reference to the Old Testament when Noah was called by God and HE said, â€Å"Whoever sheds the blood of a human, by a human shall that person’s blood be shed.† This passage is often cited by believers of Capital Punishment. In Bible God created human in his image. Then human did sin, he was forgiven by the God; human again did sin and was pardoned by the God. The process of God’s forgiveness and reinstatement also lessens the effect of death penalty (Capital Punishment in America: A Balanced Examination 2011). Advocates of Capital Punishment view it as a revenge for awful crimes. Those who support the death sentence declare that it is a uniquely effective punishment that discourages crimes. In Saudi Arabia, for instance the death penalty rate is very high and so the crime rate is very low as compared to other countries. Promoters of Capital Punishment want Governments to execute well and they consider Capital Punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. If we take up the case of Michael Perry, he was sentenced to death but his partner in crime, Jason Burkett was found guilty of all three murders of Sandra, her son Adam and his friend Jeremy Richardson but, was only sentenced to a life time prison by a narrow jury vote and will come out in 2041 (The Guardian, 2011). Will he be redeemed when he comes out of prison? Probably not; if advocates in opposition of Capital Punishment believe that he can be reformed and brought back to life. It is not possible because a life in prison makes a person suffocated and frustrated. Again, we can blame our Government and law agencies rather than debate over Capital Punishment. Jails are crowded and prisoners are treated so badly that mostly they either commit suicide or kill other prisoners. According to IdahoStatement.com, Paul Blomberg’s daughter was kidnapped, raped and then murdered in 2000. Her name was Samantha Maher and she was only 22 by then. Her father gave testimonies in front of the jury trails and even though there were two sentenced hearings for Darrell Payne, seven years from now; nothing has happened to this man up till now. He was given death penalty twice but due to incompetent law enforcement agencies, nothing has been done to him until today. Being a logical person, can one think he can be redeemed and reformed? Not necessarily. Blomberg now beliefs that Idaho system does not really execute criminals which are on the death row. In 1979, the Idaho death penalty was reinstated but even after that thre e Death Row convicts have been freed and only can have been executed. Out of the 40 people who were sentenced to death have their sentences changed now and are no longer obliged for execution. (Orr 2011) Many supporters of the capital punishment believe that for every person that is sentenced to deat